Re: Questions for the Heart and Great Vessels - Part I

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: : : Questions for the Heart and Great Vessels - A Partial Study Guide : : : These questions were not submitted by the lecturer. : : : True/False - August 19, 2011 : : : 1. The pericardiacophrenic artery is on the same parasaggital plane as the chondral cartilages. : : T : Agree. Relationship to the hilum? : : : 2. The phrenic nerve crosses anterior to the hilum of the lung. : : T : Agree. : : : 3. The fibrous coat of the pericardium has endothoracic fascia on its external surface. : : T : Agree. Attached to what? : : : 4. The parietal layer serous paricardium is directly adhered to the fibrous coat without a layer of endothoracic fascia. : : F - Endothoracic fascia lies on the outside of the fibrous coat : True. Not between parietal serous pericardium and fibrous coat. : : : 5. The visceral pericardium secretes fluid into the pericardial cavity but not into the pericardial sac. : : F- perciardial cavity is part of pericardial sac : True. Not the best question on a technicality. : : : 6. The blending of the fibrous coat with the great vessels is known as arterial mesocardium. : : T : False. Reflection of epicardium and parietal serous paricardium. : : : 7. The blending of the fibrous coat with the pulmonary and caval veins is known as the venous mesocardium. : : T : False. See # 6 : : : 8. The pulmonary veins access the fibrous coat at the posterior lateral wall of the pericardial sac. : : T : Agree. Not the best wording. : : : 9. The venous and arterial mesocardia are immediately continuous with the parietal pericardium and the epicardium. : : T : Agree. : : : 10. The superior boundary of the oblique sinus is contributed by the fibrous coat. : : T : False. Reflection of pericardium : : : 11. The pericardiophrenic artery, as it passes inferior to the root of the lung, lies within endothoracic fascia. : : T : False. Never passes posterior to the hilum. : : : 12. The periphery of the diaphragm is vascularized by the pericardiacophrenic artery and the central tendon is vascularized by the intercostal arteries. : : F. Central Tendon is not vascularized by intercostal arteries : True. : : : 13. The pericardiacophrenic artery, despite the name, does not supply the pericardial sac. : : F : Agree. : : : 14. The right ventricle, despite the name, is primarily posterior to the left ventricle. : : F Anterior : Agree. : : : 15. The apex of the heart is deviated to the left side at the level of the 4th rib. : : F 6th rib at least : Agree. : : : 16. The atria have little ears and the left lung has a little tongue. : : T Auricles and lingula : Agree. : : : 17. The caval veins open into the left atrium. : : F Right atrium : Agree. : : : 18. The anatomy of the left atrioventricular valve is similar to that of the aortic valve. : : F Bicuspid vs. Semilunar : Agree. Way different. : : : : : 19. Asymmetries between the left and right ventricles reflects the aortic arterial tree compared to the pulmonary arterial tree. : : T. Differences in size due to differences in resistance : Agree. : : : 20. The valve of the inferior vena cava and the valve of the coronary sinus are located in the anterior wall of the right atrium. : : F. Inferior wall : Agree. : : : 21. The crista terminalis is on the inside of the right ventricle and the sulcus terminalis is located of the outside wall of the pericardial sac. : : F inside of right atrium and outside wall of myocardium : Agree. : : : 22. The fossa ovalis, if patent, allows blood to travel from the right atrium to the left atrium. : : T - purpose of the foramen ovale : Agree. : : : 23. The tricuspid valve is a characteristic of the left ventricle. : : F Right atrioventricular valve : Agree. : : : 24. The septomarginal trabecula is continuous with the posterior papillary muscle. : : F. Anterior : Agree. : : : 25. The chorda tendonae of a single papillary muscle attach to a single cusp. : : F Forms a network : Agree. Tendons cross to different cusps. : : : 26. The infundibulum, near the pulmonary valve, becomes membranous. : : T - becomes tendinous (same thing right?) : Agree. Tendinous? Baby Gray's? : : : 27. The chorda tendinae actively close the aortic valve. : : F. Serve to prevent prolapse of atrioventricular valve. Blood pressure within the ventricles close the valves : Agree. : : : 28. The aortic valve, but not the pulmonary valve, has a noncoronary valve. : : T - a little confused by the word "noncoronary" though. : Agree. The non-coronary cusp of the aortic valve is the cusp not associated with the ostium of a coronary artery. : : : 29. Nodules and lunules provide attachment sites for the chorda tendinae. : : F. Found in semilunar valves, not AV valves : Agree. : : : 30. The coronary arteries perfuse the myocardium during systole. : : F diastole : Agree. : : : 31. The aortic sinuses fill with blood during diastole. : : T - recoil of blood during diastole fills sinus : Agree. : : : 32. The lunules diverge during systole and converge during diastole. : : T : Agree. : : : 33. The skeleton of the heart consists of fibrocartilage. : : T : Agree. : : : 34. The conduction system of the heart is intrinsic and, thus, the heart can beat without influence from an exogenous source of neural commands. : : T - exogenous sources modify rate : Agree. : : : 35. The inferior extent of the sulcus terminalis marks the subepicardial location of the sinuatrial node. : : F- crista terminales : Agree. The superior extent. : : : 36. The interventricular septum hosts purkinje fibers from the atrioventricular node that travel to the anterior papillary muscle of the right atrium. : : F - fibers of the AV bundle, purkinje fibers don't arise until the apex : Agree. The anterior papillary muscle is of the right ventricle. : : : 37. A blockage of the proximal left coronary artery is expected to disrupt the conduction system of the heart. : : T - by eventual tissue ischemia and necrosis if nothing else : False. Not the best question. Sinuatrial artery is proximal branch of right coronary. The "pacemaker" should be fine. The AV bundle would take a hit. This is just a bad question. : : : 38. The right coronary artery provides the primary blood supply to the anterior part of the interventricular septum. : : F - that's the duty of the left coronary artery. : Agree. : : : 39. The left coronary artery provides the primary blood supply to the anterior part of the interventricular septum. : : T : Agree. : : : 40. Branches of the right and left coronary arteries, to a varying degree, anastomose at the apex of the heart. : : T : Agree. : : : 41. The anterior cardiac veins drain directly into the left ventricle and the coronary sinus drains directly into the right atrium. : : F - ACV drain into right atrium : Agree. : : : 42. The great cardiac vein drains into (becomes) the coronary sinus. : : T on posterior heart : Agree. : : : 43. The middle cardiac vein drains directly into the right atrium. : : F - Coronary sinus : Agree. : : : Questions for the Heart and Great Vessels - A Partial Study Guide : : : These questions were not submitted by the lecturer. : : : True/False : : : August 20, 2010 : : : 1. The pericardial sac is contained within the pericardial cavity. : : T : : : 2. The heart is outside the pericardial sac and inside the pericardial cavity. : : F : : : 3. The anterior surface of the pericardial is stabilized by the sternopericardial ligaments. : : T : : : 4. The base of the heart is secured at the central tendon of the diaphragm. : : T via pericardiacophrenic ligament : : : 5. The posterior pericardial sac is stabilized by the pulmonary arteries. : : T : : : 6. Deep to the visceral pericardium is the epicardium. : : F - visceral pericardium and epicardium are synonymous : : : 7. The pulmonary veins drain into the right atrium. : : F- left atrium : : : 8. The arterial mesocardium marks a reflection of : : Fibrous coat? : : : 9. The arterial and venous mesocardia are analogous to the pleural reflections at the hilum of the lung. : : T : : : 10. Reflections of parietal serous pericardium defines the boundaries of the oblique sinus. : : T : : : 11. An infection that erodes through the pericardial cavity into the pleural cavity invades the endothoracic fascia and puts the phrenic nerve at risk. : : T phrenic nerve lies within the endothoracic fascia : : : 12. The bicuspid valve passes deoxygenated blood whereas the tricuspid valve passes oxygenated blood. : : F- reversed : : : 13. The crista terminalis marks the location of the sulcus terminals. : : T - sulcus terminalis is outside the crista terminalis : : : 14. Pectinate muscles line the right ventricle. : : F - atrium. trabeculae carnae line the ventricles : : : 15. The fossa ovalis marks a fetal communication between the right atrium and the left ventricle. : : T - remnant of the foramen ovale : : : 16. Chordae tendineae arising from a single papillary muscle attach to more than one cusp. : : F - forms a network : : : 17. Perfusion by the coronary arteries occurs during diastole. : : T : : : 18. Blood fills the coronary sinus during systole. : : F- during diastole when the semilunar valves close : : : 19. The tricuspid valve has three nodules, three lunules, and three cusps. : : F - describes semilunar valve : : : 20. The fibrocartilaginous skeleton of the heart provides : : Structure to the valves : : : 21. The heart's intrinsic nervous system can cause the heart to beat without extrinsic nervous influence. : : T - exogenous sources modify rate : : : 22. The sinoatrial node is immediately deep to the endocardium. : : T : : : 23. The atrioventricular node is immediately superficial to the endocardium. : : F - deep. found in the myocardium : : : 24. The atrioventricular bundle conveys nervous impulses to the papillary muscles. : : F - purkinje fibers : : : 25. The ostia of the right coronary artery is at the coronary sinus of the right coronary cusp of the pulmonary semilunar valve. : : F - aortic sinus : : : 26. The anterior interventricular artery is supplied by the right coronary artery and the posterior interventricular artery is supplied by the left coronary artery. : : F - reversed : : : 27. The anterior cardiac veins first drain into the small cardiac vein and then the coronary sinus. : : F - reversed : : : 28. The middle cardiac vein lies in the anterior interventricular sulcus. : : F - posterior interventricular sulcus : : :

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